China

China

Abbie Breidenbach, Kaicy Copley, & Devon Blackwelder



10 Key Terms- 1. Guerrilla Tactics- using unexpected maneuvers like sabotage and subterfuge to fight the enemies. 2. PLA- People's Liberation Army, this was Mao's army that broke through the Nationalist lines and began its famous Long March. 3. Shanghai Massacre- Chiang Kai-Shek struck against the Communists and their supporters in Shanghai, killing thousands in this massacre. 4. "New Life Movement"- Its goal was to promote traditional Confucian social ethics, such as integrity, propriety and righteousness. 5. Redistribution of Wealth- the shifting of wealth from a rich minority to a poor majority. 6. Permanent Revolution- an atmosphere of constant revolutionary fervor, could enable the Chinese to overcome the past and achieve the final stage of communism. 7. Communes- Existing collective farms, normally the size of a village, were combined into vast communes. 8. Per Capita- (per person) income. including farm income, doubled during the 1980s. 9. Little Red Book- A collection of Mao's thoughts, which was hailed as the most important source of knowledge in all areas. 10. Tiananmen Square- Demands received widespread support from people in the cities and led to massive demonstrations in the Square in Bejing.

10 Links 1. Henry Pu-Yi-This site tells us that he was the last emperor of China. And at the age of 16, he decided he was going to get married. 2. Chinese Revolution 1911-This website explains that in 1911, a group from Southern China won against the Qing Dynasty. This ended the Imperial System. 3. Dr. Sun Yat-Sen-This Link talks about how he was the leader of China's Republican revolution. He was born on November 12, 1866. 4. Shanghai Massacre 1927- This site tells us that this was also know as the April 12 Incident. It was a lot of Communists coming together. 5. Mao Zedong-This website talks about how he was a communist leader and he found the people's republic of China. 6. People's Republic Of China-This links lets us that this occurred on October 1, 1949, with its capital at Beijing. 7. Little Red Book-This site tells us that during 1966 to 1976 everyone wanted to have one of these books, which was also know as Quotations of Chairman Mao Zedong. 8. Red Guards- This website tells us about how these people are in their teens and 20's. And they support the problems between the Communist Parties. 9. People's Republic of China-This site talks about how this is a very high militaristic state and it's located on the Korean Peninsula. 10. Richard Nixon- This links mentions that he was the 37th president in the United States from 1969 to 1973.

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The rise of Communism in China is largely due to a man named Mao Zedong. He was poorly educated as a child but highly intelligent. Zedong left home and had become a member of the Nationalist Army as the Revolution began around1911. He was soon introduced to and became powerfully influenced by the philosophies of Marxism.

Following the Boxer Rebellion1 of 1900, (ridding China of all foreigners, massacring all missionaries and Christian converts), China's citizens experienced starvation, extreme poverty, and grief resulting in the loss of many innocent lives. This set the stage for the acceptance of men like Zedong and the godless Communistic philosophies of Karl Marx. After being under the rule of warlords around 1916, many Chinese began joining revolutionary groups and political parties in hopes of changing their country. During and after the Great Revolution (1914—1918), China saw several movements which strongly fostered a path into Communism.

These times of chaos and despair played a large role in acceptance of Mao. He had the support of roughly 85 percent of the nation who were poor farmers. Zedong started a society for the study of Marxism, and in 1921 its members started the Chinese Communist Party. "Mao Zedong led the communists after the army successfully finished the Revolution by defeating the nationalists. Then once Mao was in control, the Chinese loved him and gave ample support in 'return for better changes for the peasants,'" says writer Christopher van de Merwe.2

The basis of traditional communism is common ownership and production. Karl Marx started communism as a journey into rational eschatology. But through (Lenin's) Soviet communism, this was discarded and only atheism and tyranny were left. Marx believed that a man's worth reflected his efforts and that the state of equality was one's "final stage in life." This philosophy shows Communism to be not only anti-Christian, but anti any divine deity.

"Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand years." Mao  Note Packet