European+Nationalism

E uropean Nationalism  Abbie Breidenbach, Kaicy Copley  & Devon Blackwelder.

media type="youtube" key="Fwtl7UCWiGk" height="315" width="420"



















media type="custom" key="12573872"

//**1804**// - Serbian revolution. //**1815**// - The Congress of Vienna. //**1821-29**// - Greek declaration of national independence and revolution against the Ottoman Empire. //**1830-31**// - Belgian Revolution //**1830-31**// - Revolution in Poland and Lithuania //**1846**// - Uprising in Greater Poland //**1848**// - Nationalist revolts in Hungary, Italy and Germany (including Polish revolt in Greater Poland). //**1859-61**// - Italy unified. //**1863**// - Polish national revolt. //**1866-71**// - Germany unified. //**1867**// - Hungary granted autonomy. //**1878**// - Congress of Berlin: Serbia, Romania and Montenegro granted independence, after they won the war against the Ottoman Empire. //**1908**// - Bulgaria becomes independent.

10 Key Terms 1. Conservation-This was a political philosophy. It is based on tradition and social stability. At the time many favored obedience to political authority and believed organized religion was crucial. 2. Principle of Intervention-According to this principle, the great powers had the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate monarch to their thrones. 3. Liberalism-A political philosophy based largely on enlightenment principles, held that people should be as free as possible from government restraint. 4. Universal Male Suffrage- this is where all men could vote. The provisional government called for the election to be by the universal male suffrage. 5. Militarism-Or reliance on military strength. Prussia was known for militarism also both the government and army. 6. Kaiser-Or emperor. William I of Prussia was proclaimed the kaiser of the second German Empire(the first was the medieval Holy Roman Empire. 7. Plebiscite- Or popular vote. In 1848, Louis-Napoleon returned to the people to ask for the restoration of the empire. In this vote, 97 percent responded with a yes.  8. Emancipation- An edict, in which would free the serfs. On March 3,1861, Alexander issued this because serfdom was the largest problem is czarist Russia.  9. Abolitionism- A movement to end slavery, arose in the North and challenged the Southern way of life.  10. Secede- Or withdraw. On December 20, 1860 a South Carolina convention voted this, from the United States.

"The great questions of the day are decided...by blood and iron."

-Otto von Bismarck World History Book

10 Links Congress of Vienna: 1814-1815-This site talks about what the congress was and what it did. It tells us important people involved and some difficult decisions they had to make. Czar Alexander I-This website tells you when Alexander was born and died. It also tells a little about his life and some tough decisions he had to face. King Fredrick II of Prussia-This site mentions the years of his life, and tell us what he did as a king. While being king, he expanded Prussia. Louis XVII- This website says that Louis XVII spent a good amount of his life in exile. Taking over for Napoleon, he got the throne in 1814 and kept it for almost a decade. Louis Phillipe-This site talks about his birth and death, where is buried. It mentions the years that he ruled for which were 1830-1848. Klemens von Metternich-This site tells us that he was a very important person in this era, and was a major part in the congress and treaty. Giuseppe Garibaldi-This website talks about how he was a very important person. He was a very popular military figure and a hero to many. Otto von Bismarck-This site mentions that Bismarck was a very important political figure in modern Germany. He entered politics in 1847. Queen Victoria-This website tells us about when she was born and a little bit about her childhood. It also says that when she became queen the prime minister was Lord Melbourne. Charles X-This site talks about when he was born and died. It also mentions when he was king, 1824-1830. It also tells us a little bit about his childhood.

The Great Powers (Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia) met at the congress of Vienna in September 1814 to arrange a final peace settlement. Their goal was to restore the old order. Prince Klemens von Metternich was the leader of the congress was the Austrian foreign minister. He claimed that he was guided by the principle of legitimacy. This meant that lawful monarchs from the royal families that had ruled before Napoleon would be restored to their positions of power in order to keep peace and stability in Europe. This was already done in France but ignored in other places. The power at the Congress of Vienna wanted to keep any one country from dominating Europe. This means balancing political and military forces that guaranteed the independence of the great powers.

The revolution in France was again the spark for revolution in other countries. Severe economic problems beginning in 1846 brought untold hardship in France to the lower middle class, workers, and peasants. They also wanted to gain the right to vote. Yet, the government of Louis-Philippe refused to make any changes so the middle class grew angry. The monarchy was finally overthrown in 1848. A temporary government was set up by moderate and radical republics. The temporary government called for an election of representatives to a Constituent Assembly which would make a new constitution. This election was a universal male suffrage election, which meant all adult men could vote.

media type="custom" key="18639470"